PLA, ABS, and PETG are three core filaments in FDM 3D printing, each offering distinct mechanical and thermal profiles. This comparison draws from 2025–2026 data across sources like UltiMaker, All3DP, and manufacturer specifications. Values represent typical ranges for printed parts; actual results vary with brand, settings, and orientation.
Key Mechanical Properties Comparison
| Property | PLA | ABS | PETG | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 50–65 | 30–45 | 40–55 | PLA provides highest rigidity under tension |
| Flexural Modulus (GPa) | 3.0–3.6 | 1.8–2.4 | 2.0–2.4 | PLA remains stiffest |
| Elongation at Break (%) | 3–10 | 10–50 | 100–300 | PETG offers superior flexibility |
| Impact Resistance (Izod notched, J/m) | 15–40 | 200–400 | 80–150 (often no break) | ABS and PETG handle shocks far better |
| Layer Adhesion | Good | Moderate | Excellent | PETG produces most consistent parts |
| Heat Deflection Temperature (°C @ 0.45 MPa) | 50–60 | 90–105 | 70–80 | ABS tolerates highest temperatures |
| Glass Transition Temperature (°C) | ~60 | ~105 | ~80–85 | Matches practical heat performance |
| Density (g/cm³) | 1.24–1.25 | 1.04–1.06 | 1.27–1.28 | ABS uses least material per volume |
| Chemical/Water Resistance | Low | Moderate | High | PETG excels in moist or reactive settings |
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Detailed Property Breakdown
Strength and Stiffness
PLA generally delivers the highest tensile and flexural values, ideal for parts requiring resistance to steady loads. Its brittleness, however, can cause abrupt failure under sudden stress. ABS and PETG trade some peak strength for better energy absorption, while PETG's strong layer bonding often yields more reliable overall performance in real applications.
Impact Resistance and Toughness
ABS and PETG both substantially outperform PLA in this area. ABS excels at absorbing high-energy impacts, making it suitable for demanding mechanical uses. PETG stands out with exceptional elongation and a low likelihood of shattering, allowing parts to flex significantly without breaking—particularly useful for items prone to drops or vibration.
Thermal Performance
ABS clearly leads in heat resistance, holding shape reliably near 100°C. PETG handles moderate temperatures well, while PLA begins to soften above 60°C, limiting its use in warmer conditions like direct sunlight or enclosed spaces.
Additional Practical Considerations
PETG provides strong resistance to water and many chemicals, akin to materials in beverage bottles, and select formulations carry food-safety certifications. ABS supports post-processing like acetone smoothing for smooth surfaces but requires ventilation due to fumes. PLA absorbs moisture easily, which can impact storage, yet it sands and paints straightforwardly for clean finishes.
Application Guidelines
Ideal For
Detailed prototypes, display models, or indoor objects prioritizing sharp details and rigidity.
Ideal For
Functional components needing heat tolerance or impact durability, such as housings or automotive parts.
Ideal For
Durable, flexible items requiring moisture or chemical resistance, including outdoor mounts, tools, or containers.
These characteristics highlight PETG's rising preference for versatile projects that demand solid performance alongside reasonable printing ease. When cost becomes a deciding factor—considering not just purchase price but also material efficiency and production waste—refer to our detailed cost analysis: PLA Filament Cost Comparison: PLA vs ABS vs PETG.
